Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	21
Number of observations	3333
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	524.2 KiB
Average record size in memory	161.0 B

Variable types

Categorical	3
Numeric	15
Boolean	3

Alerts

`state` has a high cardinality: 51 distinct values	High cardinality
`phone number` has a high cardinality: 3333 distinct values	High cardinality
`number vmail messages` is highly overall correlated with `voice mail plan`	High correlation
`total day minutes` is highly overall correlated with `total day charge`	High correlation
`total day charge` is highly overall correlated with `total day minutes`	High correlation
`total eve minutes` is highly overall correlated with `total eve charge`	High correlation
`total eve charge` is highly overall correlated with `total eve minutes`	High correlation
`total night minutes` is highly overall correlated with `total night charge`	High correlation
`total night charge` is highly overall correlated with `total night minutes`	High correlation
`total intl minutes` is highly overall correlated with `total intl charge`	High correlation
`total intl charge` is highly overall correlated with `total intl minutes`	High correlation
`voice mail plan` is highly overall correlated with `number vmail messages`	High correlation
`phone number` is uniformly distributed	Uniform
`phone number` has unique values	Unique
`number vmail messages` has 2411 (72.3%) zeros	Zeros
`customer service calls` has 697 (20.9%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-11-27 06:14:12.664054
Analysis finished	2022-11-27 06:15:06.237302
Duration	53.57 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling vv3.5.0
Download configuration	config.json

state
Categorical

Distinct	51
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

WV	106
MN	84
NY	83
AL	80
WI	78
Other values (46)	2902

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	6666
Distinct characters	24
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	KS
2nd row	OH
3rd row	NJ
4th row	OH
5th row	OK

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
WV	106	3.2%
MN	84	2.5%
NY	83	2.5%
AL	80	2.4%
WI	78	2.3%
OH	78	2.3%
OR	78	2.3%
WY	77	2.3%
VA	77	2.3%
CT	74	2.2%
Other values (41)	2518	75.5%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
wv	106	3.2%
mn	84	2.5%
ny	83	2.5%
al	80	2.4%
wi	78	2.3%
oh	78	2.3%
or	78	2.3%
wy	77	2.3%
va	77	2.3%
ct	74	2.2%
Other values (41)	2518	75.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	734	11.0%
A	687	10.3%
M	612	9.2%
I	515	7.7%
T	412	6.2%
D	380	5.7%
C	356	5.3%
O	346	5.2%
W	327	4.9%
V	322	4.8%
Other values (14)	1975	29.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Uppercase Letter	6666	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	734	11.0%
A	687	10.3%
M	612	9.2%
I	515	7.7%
T	412	6.2%
D	380	5.7%
C	356	5.3%
O	346	5.2%
W	327	4.9%
V	322	4.8%
Other values (14)	1975	29.6%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	6666	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	734	11.0%
A	687	10.3%
M	612	9.2%
I	515	7.7%
T	412	6.2%
D	380	5.7%
C	356	5.3%
O	346	5.2%
W	327	4.9%
V	322	4.8%
Other values (14)	1975	29.6%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	6666	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	734	11.0%
A	687	10.3%
M	612	9.2%
I	515	7.7%
T	412	6.2%
D	380	5.7%
C	356	5.3%
O	346	5.2%
W	327	4.9%
V	322	4.8%
Other values (14)	1975	29.6%

account length
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	212
Distinct (%)	6.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	101.06481

Minimum	1
Maximum	243
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	35
Q1	74
median	101
Q3	127
95-th percentile	167
Maximum	243
Range	242
Interquartile range (IQR)	53

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	39.822106
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.39402545
Kurtosis	-0.10783598
Mean	101.06481
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	27
Skewness	0.096606294
Sum	336849
Variance	1585.8001
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	43	1.3%
87	42	1.3%
101	40	1.2%
93	40	1.2%
90	39	1.2%
95	38	1.1%
86	38	1.1%
100	37	1.1%
116	37	1.1%
112	36	1.1%
Other values (202)	2943	88.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	8	0.2%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	5	0.2%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%
6	2	0.1%
7	2	0.1%
8	1	< 0.1%
9	3	0.1%
10	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
243	1	< 0.1%
232	1	< 0.1%
225	2	0.1%
224	2	0.1%
221	1	< 0.1%
217	2	0.1%
215	1	< 0.1%
212	2	0.1%
210	2	0.1%
209	3	0.1%

area code
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

415	1655
510	840
408	838

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	9999
Distinct characters	5
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	415
2nd row	415
3rd row	415
4th row	408
5th row	415

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
415	1655	49.7%
510	840	25.2%
408	838	25.1%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Common Values (Plot)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
415	1655	49.7%
510	840	25.2%
408	838	25.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2495	25.0%
5	2495	25.0%
4	2493	24.9%
0	1678	16.8%
8	838	8.4%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	9999	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2495	25.0%
5	2495	25.0%
4	2493	24.9%
0	1678	16.8%
8	838	8.4%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	9999	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2495	25.0%
5	2495	25.0%
4	2493	24.9%
0	1678	16.8%
8	838	8.4%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	9999	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2495	25.0%
5	2495	25.0%
4	2493	24.9%
0	1678	16.8%
8	838	8.4%

phone number
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
UNIFORM
UNIQUE

Distinct	3333
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

382-4657	1
348-7071	1
389-6082	1
415-3689	1
379-2503	1
Other values (3328)	3328

Length

Max length	8
Median length	8
Mean length	8
Min length	8

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	26664
Distinct characters	11
Distinct categories	2 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	3333 ?
Unique (%)	100.0%

Sample

1st row	382-4657
2nd row	371-7191
3rd row	358-1921
4th row	375-9999
5th row	330-6626

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
382-4657	1	< 0.1%
348-7071	1	< 0.1%
389-6082	1	< 0.1%
415-3689	1	< 0.1%
379-2503	1	< 0.1%
396-1106	1	< 0.1%
379-4372	1	< 0.1%
336-3738	1	< 0.1%
380-2600	1	< 0.1%
345-4473	1	< 0.1%
Other values (3323)	3323	99.7%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
382-4657	1	< 0.1%
407-7507	1	< 0.1%
363-1107	1	< 0.1%
358-1921	1	< 0.1%
375-9999	1	< 0.1%
330-6626	1	< 0.1%
391-8027	1	< 0.1%
355-9993	1	< 0.1%
329-9001	1	< 0.1%
335-4719	1	< 0.1%
Other values (3323)	3323	99.7%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	4626	17.3%
-	3333	12.5%
4	2820	10.6%
9	2090	7.8%
6	2070	7.8%
5	2050	7.7%
7	2037	7.6%
8	2005	7.5%
1	1979	7.4%
2	1891	7.1%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	23331	87.5%
Dash Punctuation	3333	12.5%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	4626	19.8%
4	2820	12.1%
9	2090	9.0%
6	2070	8.9%
5	2050	8.8%
7	2037	8.7%
8	2005	8.6%
1	1979	8.5%
2	1891	8.1%
0	1763	7.6%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	3333	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	26664	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	4626	17.3%
-	3333	12.5%
4	2820	10.6%
9	2090	7.8%
6	2070	7.8%
5	2050	7.7%
7	2037	7.6%
8	2005	7.5%
1	1979	7.4%
2	1891	7.1%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	26664	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	4626	17.3%
-	3333	12.5%
4	2820	10.6%
9	2090	7.8%
6	2070	7.8%
5	2050	7.7%
7	2037	7.6%
8	2005	7.5%
1	1979	7.4%
2	1891	7.1%

international plan
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	3.4 KiB

False	3010
True	323

Common Values (Table)
Common Values (Plot)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
False	3010	90.3%
True	323	9.7%

voice mail plan
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	3.4 KiB

False	2411
True	922

Common Values (Table)
Common Values (Plot)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
False	2411	72.3%
True	922	27.7%

number vmail messages
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	46
Distinct (%)	1.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	8.0990099

Minimum	0
Maximum	51
Zeros	2411
Zeros (%)	72.3%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	20
95-th percentile	36
Maximum	51
Range	51
Interquartile range (IQR)	20

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	13.688365
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.6901282
Kurtosis	-0.051128539
Mean	8.0990099
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.2648236
Sum	26994
Variance	187.37135
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=46)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
31	60	1.8%
29	53	1.6%
28	51	1.5%
33	46	1.4%
27	44	1.3%
30	44	1.3%
24	42	1.3%
26	41	1.2%
32	41	1.2%
Other values (36)	500	15.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
4	1	< 0.1%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%
10	1	< 0.1%
11	2	0.1%
12	6	0.2%
13	4	0.1%
14	7	0.2%
15	9	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
51	1	< 0.1%
50	2	0.1%
49	1	< 0.1%
48	2	0.1%
47	3	0.1%
46	4	0.1%
45	6	0.2%
44	7	0.2%
43	9	0.3%
42	15	0.5%

total day minutes
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	1667
Distinct (%)	50.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	179.7751

Minimum	0
Maximum	350.8
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	89.92
Q1	143.7
median	179.4
Q3	216.4
95-th percentile	270.74
Maximum	350.8
Range	350.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	72.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	54.467389
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.30297516
Kurtosis	-0.019940379
Mean	179.7751
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	36.3
Skewness	-0.029077067
Sum	599190.4
Variance	2966.6965
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
154	8	0.2%
159.5	8	0.2%
174.5	8	0.2%
183.4	7	0.2%
175.4	7	0.2%
162.3	7	0.2%
178.7	6	0.2%
194.8	6	0.2%
189.3	6	0.2%
146.3	6	0.2%
Other values (1657)	3264	97.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
2.6	1	< 0.1%
7.8	1	< 0.1%
7.9	1	< 0.1%
12.5	1	< 0.1%
17.6	1	< 0.1%
18.9	1	< 0.1%
19.5	1	< 0.1%
25.9	1	< 0.1%
27	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
350.8	1	< 0.1%
346.8	1	< 0.1%
345.3	1	< 0.1%
337.4	1	< 0.1%
335.5	1	< 0.1%
334.3	1	< 0.1%
332.9	1	< 0.1%
329.8	1	< 0.1%
328.1	1	< 0.1%
326.5	1	< 0.1%

total day calls
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	119
Distinct (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.43564

Minimum	0
Maximum	165
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	101
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	165
Range	165
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	20.069084
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.19982034
Kurtosis	0.24318152
Mean	100.43564
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	-0.11178664
Sum	334752
Variance	402.76814
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
102	78	2.3%
105	75	2.3%
95	69	2.1%
107	69	2.1%
104	68	2.0%
108	67	2.0%
97	67	2.0%
106	66	2.0%
112	66	2.0%
110	66	2.0%
Other values (109)	2642	79.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
30	1	< 0.1%
35	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
40	2	0.1%
42	2	0.1%
44	3	0.1%
45	3	0.1%
47	2	0.1%
48	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
165	1	< 0.1%
163	1	< 0.1%
160	1	< 0.1%
158	3	0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
156	1	< 0.1%
152	1	< 0.1%
151	5	0.2%
150	6	0.2%
149	1	< 0.1%

total day charge
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	1667
Distinct (%)	50.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	30.562307

Minimum	0
Maximum	59.64
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	15.288
Q1	24.43
median	30.5
Q3	36.79
95-th percentile	46.028
Maximum	59.64
Range	59.64
Interquartile range (IQR)	12.36

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	9.2594346
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.30296909
Kurtosis	-0.019811787
Mean	30.562307
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6.17
Skewness	-0.029083268
Sum	101864.17
Variance	85.737128
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
26.18	8	0.2%
27.12	8	0.2%
29.67	8	0.2%
31.18	7	0.2%
29.82	7	0.2%
27.59	7	0.2%
30.38	6	0.2%
33.12	6	0.2%
32.18	6	0.2%
24.87	6	0.2%
Other values (1657)	3264	97.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
0.44	1	< 0.1%
1.33	1	< 0.1%
1.34	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%
2.99	1	< 0.1%
3.21	1	< 0.1%
3.32	1	< 0.1%
4.4	1	< 0.1%
4.59	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
59.64	1	< 0.1%
58.96	1	< 0.1%
58.7	1	< 0.1%
57.36	1	< 0.1%
57.04	1	< 0.1%
56.83	1	< 0.1%
56.59	1	< 0.1%
56.07	1	< 0.1%
55.78	1	< 0.1%
55.51	1	< 0.1%

total eve minutes
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	1611
Distinct (%)	48.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	200.98035

Minimum	0
Maximum	363.7
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	118.8
Q1	166.6
median	201.4
Q3	235.3
95-th percentile	284.3
Maximum	363.7
Range	363.7
Interquartile range (IQR)	68.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.713844
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.25233235
Kurtosis	0.025629753
Mean	200.98035
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	34.4
Skewness	-0.023877456
Sum	669867.5
Variance	2571.894
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
169.9	9	0.3%
167.2	7	0.2%
180.5	7	0.2%
201	7	0.2%
161.7	7	0.2%
209.4	7	0.2%
230.9	7	0.2%
220.6	7	0.2%
195.5	7	0.2%
230	6	0.2%
Other values (1601)	3262	97.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
31.2	1	< 0.1%
42.2	1	< 0.1%
42.5	1	< 0.1%
43.9	1	< 0.1%
48.1	1	< 0.1%
49.2	1	< 0.1%
52.9	1	< 0.1%
56	1	< 0.1%
58.6	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
363.7	1	< 0.1%
361.8	1	< 0.1%
354.2	1	< 0.1%
351.6	1	< 0.1%
350.9	1	< 0.1%
350.5	1	< 0.1%
348.5	1	< 0.1%
347.3	1	< 0.1%
341.3	1	< 0.1%
339.9	1	< 0.1%

total eve calls
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	123
Distinct (%)	3.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.11431

Minimum	0
Maximum	170
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	170
Range	170
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.922625
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.19899877
Kurtosis	0.20615647
Mean	100.11431
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	-0.055563139
Sum	333681
Variance	396.911
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	80	2.4%
94	79	2.4%
108	71	2.1%
102	70	2.1%
97	70	2.1%
88	69	2.1%
101	68	2.0%
109	67	2.0%
98	66	2.0%
111	65	2.0%
Other values (113)	2628	78.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
12	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
37	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%
43	1	< 0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
46	3	0.1%
48	6	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
170	1	< 0.1%
168	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
159	1	< 0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
156	1	< 0.1%
155	3	0.1%
154	2	0.1%
153	1	< 0.1%
152	6	0.2%

total eve charge
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	1440
Distinct (%)	43.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	17.08354

Minimum	0
Maximum	30.91
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	10.1
Q1	14.16
median	17.12
Q3	20
95-th percentile	24.17
Maximum	30.91
Range	30.91
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.84

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.3106676
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.25232871
Kurtosis	0.025487405
Mean	17.08354
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.92
Skewness	-0.023857989
Sum	56939.44
Variance	18.581856
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.25	11	0.3%
16.12	11	0.3%
15.9	10	0.3%
17.09	9	0.3%
18.62	9	0.3%
17.99	9	0.3%
14.44	9	0.3%
18.96	8	0.2%
16.35	8	0.2%
16.97	8	0.2%
Other values (1430)	3241	97.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
2.65	1	< 0.1%
3.59	1	< 0.1%
3.61	1	< 0.1%
3.73	1	< 0.1%
4.09	1	< 0.1%
4.18	1	< 0.1%
4.5	1	< 0.1%
4.76	1	< 0.1%
4.98	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30.91	1	< 0.1%
30.75	1	< 0.1%
30.11	1	< 0.1%
29.89	1	< 0.1%
29.83	1	< 0.1%
29.79	1	< 0.1%
29.62	1	< 0.1%
29.52	1	< 0.1%
29.01	1	< 0.1%
28.89	1	< 0.1%

total night minutes
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	1591
Distinct (%)	47.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	200.87204

Minimum	23.2
Maximum	395
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	23.2
5-th percentile	118.18
Q1	167
median	201.2
Q3	235.3
95-th percentile	282.84
Maximum	395
Range	371.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	68.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.573847
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.25177146
Kurtosis	0.085816078
Mean	200.87204
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	34.2
Skewness	0.0089212911
Sum	669506.5
Variance	2557.714
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
191.4	8	0.2%
210	8	0.2%
188.2	8	0.2%
197.4	8	0.2%
214.6	8	0.2%
193.6	7	0.2%
206.1	7	0.2%
194.3	7	0.2%
214.7	7	0.2%
231.5	7	0.2%
Other values (1581)	3258	97.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
23.2	1	< 0.1%
43.7	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
47.4	1	< 0.1%
50.1	2	0.1%
53.3	1	< 0.1%
54	1	< 0.1%
54.5	1	< 0.1%
56.6	1	< 0.1%
57.5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
395	1	< 0.1%
381.9	1	< 0.1%
377.5	1	< 0.1%
367.7	1	< 0.1%
364.9	1	< 0.1%
364.3	1	< 0.1%
354.9	1	< 0.1%
352.5	1	< 0.1%
352.2	1	< 0.1%
350.2	1	< 0.1%

total night calls
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	120
Distinct (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.10771

Minimum	33
Maximum	175
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	33
5-th percentile	68
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	113
95-th percentile	132
Maximum	175
Range	142
Interquartile range (IQR)	26

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.568609
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.19547555
Kurtosis	-0.072019579
Mean	100.10771
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	0.03249957
Sum	333659
Variance	382.93047
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	84	2.5%
104	78	2.3%
91	76	2.3%
102	72	2.2%
100	69	2.1%
106	69	2.1%
98	67	2.0%
94	66	2.0%
103	65	2.0%
95	64	1.9%
Other values (110)	2623	78.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
33	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
38	1	< 0.1%
42	2	0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%
46	1	< 0.1%
48	1	< 0.1%
49	2	0.1%
50	2	0.1%
51	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
175	1	< 0.1%
166	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
158	1	< 0.1%
157	2	0.1%
156	2	0.1%
155	2	0.1%
154	2	0.1%
153	3	0.1%
152	3	0.1%

total night charge
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	933
Distinct (%)	28.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	9.0393249

Minimum	1.04
Maximum	17.77
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.04
5-th percentile	5.316
Q1	7.52
median	9.05
Q3	10.59
95-th percentile	12.73
Maximum	17.77
Range	16.73
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.07

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.2758728
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.25177465
Kurtosis	0.08566318
Mean	9.0393249
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.54
Skewness	0.0088862368
Sum	30128.07
Variance	5.1795972
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.66	15	0.5%
9.45	15	0.5%
8.47	14	0.4%
8.88	14	0.4%
7.69	13	0.4%
8.64	12	0.4%
10.8	11	0.3%
10.49	11	0.3%
10.35	11	0.3%
8.57	11	0.3%
Other values (923)	3206	96.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.04	1	< 0.1%
1.97	1	< 0.1%
2.03	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%
2.25	2	0.1%
2.4	1	< 0.1%
2.43	1	< 0.1%
2.45	1	< 0.1%
2.55	1	< 0.1%
2.59	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17.77	1	< 0.1%
17.19	1	< 0.1%
16.99	1	< 0.1%
16.55	1	< 0.1%
16.42	1	< 0.1%
16.39	1	< 0.1%
15.97	1	< 0.1%
15.86	1	< 0.1%
15.85	1	< 0.1%
15.76	1	< 0.1%

total intl minutes
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	162
Distinct (%)	4.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	10.237294

Minimum	0
Maximum	20
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	5.7
Q1	8.5
median	10.3
Q3	12.1
95-th percentile	14.7
Maximum	20
Range	20
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.7918395
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.27271265
Kurtosis	0.60918476
Mean	10.237294
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.8
Skewness	-0.24513594
Sum	34120.9
Variance	7.7943681
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	62	1.9%
11.3	59	1.8%
9.8	56	1.7%
10.9	56	1.7%
10.1	53	1.6%
10.6	53	1.6%
10.2	53	1.6%
11	52	1.6%
11.1	52	1.6%
9.7	51	1.5%
Other values (152)	2786	83.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
1.1	1	< 0.1%
1.3	1	< 0.1%
2	2	0.1%
2.1	2	0.1%
2.2	1	< 0.1%
2.4	1	< 0.1%
2.5	1	< 0.1%
2.6	1	< 0.1%
2.7	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	< 0.1%
18.9	1	< 0.1%
18.4	1	< 0.1%
18.3	1	< 0.1%
18.2	2	0.1%
18	3	0.1%
17.9	1	< 0.1%
17.8	2	0.1%
17.6	2	0.1%
17.5	3	0.1%

total intl calls
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	21
Distinct (%)	0.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	4.4794479

Minimum	0
Maximum	20
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	3
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	20
Range	20
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.4612143
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.54944589
Kurtosis	3.083589
Mean	4.4794479
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.3214782
Sum	14930
Variance	6.0575757
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=21)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%
2	489	14.7%
5	472	14.2%
6	336	10.1%
7	218	6.5%
1	160	4.8%
8	116	3.5%
9	109	3.3%
10	50	1.5%
Other values (11)	96	2.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
1	160	4.8%
2	489	14.7%
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%
5	472	14.2%
6	336	10.1%
7	218	6.5%
8	116	3.5%
9	109	3.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	< 0.1%
19	1	< 0.1%
18	3	0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
16	2	0.1%
15	7	0.2%
14	6	0.2%
13	14	0.4%
12	15	0.5%
11	28	0.8%

total intl charge
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	162
Distinct (%)	4.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.7645815

Minimum	0
Maximum	5.4
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.54
Q1	2.3
median	2.78
Q3	3.27
95-th percentile	3.97
Maximum	5.4
Range	5.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.97

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.75377261
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.27265343
Kurtosis	0.60961043
Mean	2.7645815
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.48
Skewness	-0.24528651
Sum	9214.35
Variance	0.56817315
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.7	62	1.9%
3.05	59	1.8%
2.65	56	1.7%
2.94	56	1.7%
2.73	53	1.6%
2.86	53	1.6%
2.75	53	1.6%
2.97	52	1.6%
3	52	1.6%
2.62	51	1.5%
Other values (152)	2786	83.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
0.3	1	< 0.1%
0.35	1	< 0.1%
0.54	2	0.1%
0.57	2	0.1%
0.59	1	< 0.1%
0.65	1	< 0.1%
0.68	1	< 0.1%
0.7	1	< 0.1%
0.73	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.4	1	< 0.1%
5.1	1	< 0.1%
4.97	1	< 0.1%
4.94	1	< 0.1%
4.91	2	0.1%
4.86	3	0.1%
4.83	1	< 0.1%
4.81	2	0.1%
4.75	2	0.1%
4.73	3	0.1%

customer service calls
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.5628563

Minimum	0
Maximum	9
Zeros	697
Zeros (%)	20.9%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	2
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	9
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.315491
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.84172234
Kurtosis	1.7309137
Mean	1.5628563
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.0913595
Sum	5209
Variance	1.7305167
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
0	697	20.9%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%
5	66	2.0%
6	22	0.7%
7	9	0.3%
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	697	20.9%
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%
5	66	2.0%
6	22	0.7%
7	9	0.3%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%
7	9	0.3%
6	22	0.7%
5	66	2.0%
4	166	5.0%
3	429	12.9%
2	759	22.8%
1	1181	35.4%
0	697	20.9%

churn
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	3.4 KiB

False	2850
True	483

Common Values (Table)
Common Values (Plot)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
False	2850	85.5%
True	483	14.5%

Auto

The auto setting is an interpretable pairwise column metric of the following mapping:

Variable_type-Variable_type : Method, Range
Categorical-Categorical : Cramer's V, [0,1]
Numerical-Categorical : Cramer's V, [0,1] (using a discretized numerical column)
Numerical-Numerical : Spearman's ρ, [-1,1]

The number of bins used in the discretization for the Numerical-Categorical column pair can be changed using config.correlations["auto"].n_bins. The number of bins affects the granularity of the association you wish to measure.

This configuration uses the recommended metric for each pair of columns.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows
Last rows

	state	account length	area code	phone number	international plan	voice mail plan	number vmail messages	total day minutes	total day calls	total day charge	total eve minutes	total eve calls	total eve charge	total night minutes	total night calls	total night charge	total intl minutes	total intl calls	total intl charge	customer service calls	churn
0	KS	128	415	382-4657	no	yes	25	265.1	110	45.07	197.4	99	16.78	244.7	91	11.01	10.0	3	2.70	1	False
1	OH	107	415	371-7191	no	yes	26	161.6	123	27.47	195.5	103	16.62	254.4	103	11.45	13.7	3	3.70	1	False
2	NJ	137	415	358-1921	no	no	0	243.4	114	41.38	121.2	110	10.30	162.6	104	7.32	12.2	5	3.29	0	False
3	OH	84	408	375-9999	yes	no	0	299.4	71	50.90	61.9	88	5.26	196.9	89	8.86	6.6	7	1.78	2	False
4	OK	75	415	330-6626	yes	no	0	166.7	113	28.34	148.3	122	12.61	186.9	121	8.41	10.1	3	2.73	3	False
5	AL	118	510	391-8027	yes	no	0	223.4	98	37.98	220.6	101	18.75	203.9	118	9.18	6.3	6	1.70	0	False
6	MA	121	510	355-9993	no	yes	24	218.2	88	37.09	348.5	108	29.62	212.6	118	9.57	7.5	7	2.03	3	False
7	MO	147	415	329-9001	yes	no	0	157.0	79	26.69	103.1	94	8.76	211.8	96	9.53	7.1	6	1.92	0	False
8	LA	117	408	335-4719	no	no	0	184.5	97	31.37	351.6	80	29.89	215.8	90	9.71	8.7	4	2.35	1	False
9	WV	141	415	330-8173	yes	yes	37	258.6	84	43.96	222.0	111	18.87	326.4	97	14.69	11.2	5	3.02	0	False

	state	account length	area code	phone number	international plan	voice mail plan	number vmail messages	total day minutes	total day calls	total day charge	total eve minutes	total eve calls	total eve charge	total night minutes	total night calls	total night charge	total intl minutes	total intl calls	total intl charge	customer service calls	churn
3323	IN	117	415	362-5899	no	no	0	118.4	126	20.13	249.3	97	21.19	227.0	56	10.22	13.6	3	3.67	5	True
3324	WV	159	415	377-1164	no	no	0	169.8	114	28.87	197.7	105	16.80	193.7	82	8.72	11.6	4	3.13	1	False
3325	OH	78	408	368-8555	no	no	0	193.4	99	32.88	116.9	88	9.94	243.3	109	10.95	9.3	4	2.51	2	False
3326	OH	96	415	347-6812	no	no	0	106.6	128	18.12	284.8	87	24.21	178.9	92	8.05	14.9	7	4.02	1	False
3327	SC	79	415	348-3830	no	no	0	134.7	98	22.90	189.7	68	16.12	221.4	128	9.96	11.8	5	3.19	2	False
3328	AZ	192	415	414-4276	no	yes	36	156.2	77	26.55	215.5	126	18.32	279.1	83	12.56	9.9	6	2.67	2	False
3329	WV	68	415	370-3271	no	no	0	231.1	57	39.29	153.4	55	13.04	191.3	123	8.61	9.6	4	2.59	3	False
3330	RI	28	510	328-8230	no	no	0	180.8	109	30.74	288.8	58	24.55	191.9	91	8.64	14.1	6	3.81	2	False
3331	CT	184	510	364-6381	yes	no	0	213.8	105	36.35	159.6	84	13.57	139.2	137	6.26	5.0	10	1.35	2	False
3332	TN	74	415	400-4344	no	yes	25	234.4	113	39.85	265.9	82	22.60	241.4	77	10.86	13.7	4	3.70	0	False

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Uppercase Letter

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Common Values (Plot)

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Dash Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Auto

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Cramér's V (φc)

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample